Categories
- Cuban Revolution
- U.S. MISSILE Turkey
- Khrushchev Proposal
- Contingent
- Anadyr
- U-2 flights
- Develop response
- Quarantine
- Worsening crisis
- Khrushchev's second letter
- Black Saturday
- Permission
- Implications
- Historic significance
- Epilogue
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Cuban Revolution
During the Cold War standoff between two superpowers, the USSR and the United States, expressed not only in direct military threat and the arms race, but in an effort to expand their zones of influence. The Soviet Union sought to organize and support the liberation socialist revolutions in different parts of the world. In the pro-Western-minded countries supported "national liberation movement," sometimes even arms and human beings. In case of victory of the revolution the country became a member of the socialist camp, there were built military bases there to invest significant resources. Assistance to the Soviet Union was often gratuitous, causing additional sympathy for him from the poorest countries in Africa and Latin America.
United States, in turn, followed a similar tactic, staging the revolution to establish democracy and supporting pro-American regimes. Initially, the odds were with the U.S. - they supported Western Europe, Turkey and some Asian and African countries such as South Africa.
Immediately after the revolution in Cuba in 1959 with its leader Fidel Castro was no close relations with the Soviet Union. During the struggle with the regime of Fulgencio Batista in 1950 Castro several times to Moscow for military aid, but received a refusal. Moscow skeptical of the leader of the Cuban revolutionaries and by the prospects of revolution in Cuba, believing that there is too much U.S. influence. The first foreign visit after the victory of the revolution, Fidel has made in the U.S., but President Eisenhower refused to meet with him, referring to employment. After the demonstration, arrogant attitude toward Cuba Fidel Castro spent measures aimed against the domination of the Americans. So, were nationalized telephone and electric companies, refineries, 36 major sugar factories owned by U.S. citizens, the former owners were offered the appropriate packages of securities. All branches of the North American banks, owned by U.S. citizens, were also nationalized. In response, the U.S. stopped supplying oil to Cuba and buy its sugar, even though operated long-term purchase agreement. Such moves have put Cuba in a very difficult position. By the time the Cuban government has established diplomatic relations with the USSR, and it appealed to Moscow for help. Replying to a query, the USSR sent tankers with oil and arranged the purchase of Cuban sugar.
We may assume that Cuba became the first country that has chosen the communist way without significant military or political intervention by the USSR. In this capacity, she was deeply symbolic for Soviet leaders, especially for Nikita Khrushchev - he considered critical to the protection of the island's international reputation of the USSR and the communist ideology.
Perhaps Khrushchev believed that the placement of missiles in Cuba would protect the island from the American re-invasion, which he regarded as inevitable after the failure of attempts to assault in the Bay of Pigs. Significant from a military point of view, placing the most important weapons in Cuba and would demonstrate the importance of Soviet-Cuban alliance leader Fidel Castro, who demanded tangible evidence of Soviet support for the island.